Machine Vision
Vision Probable Application’s
- Counting Lens Counting, Counting bottles Or cans in a conveyor
- Quality Assurance Metrology , Flaw Detection
- Defect Detection Foreign Particles, Contamination
- Test & Calibration Sensor calibration
- Real-Time Process Control Optical fiber drawing
- Data Collection & Sorting Mail Sort
- Machine Monitoring Operation monitoring
- Material Handling Storage, Retrieval, Routing
- Gauging/Metrology Non-contact measurement
- Robotic/Machine Guidance Recognize, Locate, Guide
- ID Tracking OCR, QR, 1D & 2D barcode
- Safetygy Detect Obstacles and alarm or stop
System Components (Major)
- Array of sensors to detect electromagnetic energy, usually 2D array
- Mechanism to collect reflected/transmitted energy
- Image formation hardware/electro-opto- mechanical assemblies
- Image acquisition hardware
- Image processing hardware & software
- I/O interfaces & User Interfaces
- Data communication
Images processed via System
- Two dimensional array
- Each element is called a pixel
- Each pixel is a representation of Surface information – 2D, Height information – 3D (Voxel)
- The information can be Visual, Non Visual
- Each pixel normally has a integer value (0 - 255) for 8 bit
- There are images with 10bit, 12bit, 16bit or 24 bit pixel resolutions
Image Processing Methods
- Pixel Counting
- Thresholding
- Connectivity & segmentation
- Blob analysis
- Edge Detection
- Template Matching
- Pattern Recognition
- OR Code
- Optical Character Recognition (OCR)
- Barcode Reading – 1D, 2D codes
Vision Functions/Feature
- Location & Orientation
- Gauging/Metrology
- Inspection/ Flaw Detection
- Verification
- Identification
- Recognition
- Tracking & Guidance
Vision System Performance
- Perform Beyond Human Vision
- High Speed
- High Magnification/Resolution
- Highly Repeatable in controlled environment
- No fatigue - 24/7
- Reliable
- Cheaper
- Good for unsafe and hazardous environment
- Operate well in space constrained environments
